Doctors across India are witnessing a growing number of patients developing cataracts in their 40s and 50s, with diabetes increasingly emerging as a major contributing factor. As the burden of diabetes rises in the country, ophthalmologists say persistently high blood sugar levels are accelerating changes in the eye’s natural lens, leading to earlier onset and faster progression of cataracts.
India is currently home to over 101 million adults living with diabetes and 136 million with prediabetes, according to the International Diabetes Federation, and this number is expected to rise significantly in the coming years. While diabetic retinopathy is among the better-known eye complications associated with the condition, experts note that cataract is also becoming a significant concern, particularly among individuals with long-standing or poorly controlled diabetes.
Prolonged exposure to elevated blood glucose levels can affect the eye’s natural lens, accelerating clouding and reducing visual clarity at a younger age. Cataract can no longer be viewed solely as an age-related condition. With metabolic disorders such as diabetes, obesity and hypertension becoming increasingly common, the risk of earlier and more rapidly progressing cataracts is also rising.
This makes regular eye examinations and better metabolic control critical to preventing avoidable vision loss. “Diabetes is increasingly being recognised as a major contributor to early cataract development,” said Dr Jay Mathew Perumal, Head - Clinical Services, Dr Agarwals Eye Hospital, Trivandrum.
“We are seeing a rising number of patients in their 40s and 50s presenting with cataracts, particularly those with poorly controlled blood sugar levels. These changes in the lens often develop gradually but can significantly affect vision during an individual’s most active and productive years.
Regular eye examinations help identify early lens changes and allow timely treatment before vision loss becomes more severe.” Doctors say the impact of cataracts is often felt more acutely by working-age adults today because visual disturbances become harder to ignore in screen-intensive daily routines involving computers, smartphones, video calls and driving.
Common symptoms include blurred vision, glare, reduced contrast sensitivity, difficulty reading digital screens and frequent changes in spectacle power. Dr. Agarwal’s Eye Hospital has announced free cataract eye evaluations for the general public until 15 July 2026, aimed at increasing awareness, with registrations available via 95943 69666.
“Despite rising awareness, misconceptions around cataract treatment continue to delay timely intervention,” said Dr Jay Mathew Perumal. “Many patients still believe that surgery should only be performed once the cataract has ‘matured’, or assume that vision loss is a normal part of ageing.
Some also expect eye drops to reverse the condition, which is not medically accurate. Such delays can lead to advanced cataracts that are more difficult to manage surgically and may affect visual recovery outcomes.” Experts advise individuals above the age of 40, especially those living with diabetes or other metabolic conditions, to undergo regular comprehensive eye check-ups.
Early detection of cataract can help ensure timely treatment, preserve vision and reduce the long-term impact on quality of life. Cataract surgery today is a safe and highly effective procedure. Advances in technology, including robotic-assisted techniques and laser cataract surgery, along with timely intervention, remain key factors in achieving optimal visual outcomes.
About Dr Agarwals Health Care Limited :
Dr Agarwals Health Care Limited is a renowned and trusted name in the eye care industry, with a rich legacy of excellence in patient care. With an extensive operational history, the hospital is dedicated to fulfilling the diverse needs of its patients throughout their eye treatment journey.
Dr Agarwals Health Care operates a network of over 285+ facilities across 80+ cities and 4 Union Territories in India, as well as 16 facilities across nine countries in Africa. The organization offers a comprehensive range of eye care services, including cataract and refractive surgeries, consultations, diagnoses, and non-surgical treatments. Additionally, Dr Agarwals Health Care provides optical products, contact lenses, accessories, and pharmaceutical products related to eye care.